Elektroteknik

Elektroteknik, also known as electrical engineering, is the discipline concerned with the generation, transmission, conversion, control, and application of electrical energy and signals. It combines theory from mathematics and physics with practical methods for design, development, testing, and maintenance of electrical and electronic systems.

The field covers several subfields, including power engineering (generation, transmission, grids, energy conversion, renewable sources), electronics (semiconductors, analog and digital circuits, sensors, embedded systems), control engineering (automation, process control, robotics), telecommunications and signal processing (data transmission, wireless systems, algorithms for filtering and data processing), and instrumentation and metrology (measurement systems and instrumentation).

Education and professional practice: Degrees typically lead to bachelor's and master's levels; curricula include circuit theory, electromagnetism, electronics, mathematics, programming, and project work. Accreditation bodies and professional associations help guide standards and licensure in many countries.

Applications and impact: Elektroteknik underpins modern infrastructure and technology, including power generation and distribution, electric mobility, consumer electronics, medical technology, industrial automation, and telecommunications networks. As energy systems transition toward renewables and as devices become more connected and automated, the field emphasizes efficiency, reliability, safety, and sustainability.

History and development: The field emerged from early experiments with electricity in the 19th century, evolved with the development of alternating current power systems, radio, and electronics, and expanded through the semiconductor revolution. Today it integrates with computer science, materials science, and ICT to address complex engineering challenges.