Eksoskeletonin

Eksoskeletonin is a term used to describe external skeletons that provide structural support, protection, and interaction with the environment in certain organisms, as well as wearable exoskeleton systems developed for human use. In biology, eksoskeletonin is most notably found in arthropods, where the skeleton is composed primarily of chitin reinforced with proteins and, in crustaceans, minerals such as calcium carbonate. The exoskeleton encases the body, enabling muscle attachment and reducing water loss in terrestrial species. Growth occurs through molting (ecdysis), during which the old exoskeleton is shed and a new, larger one is formed. While they grant durable protection and strong leverage for movement, exoskeletons limit expansion between molts and require energy-intensive regeneration of the protective covering.

In technology and medicine, eksoskeletonin refers to wearable devices that augment or restore human motion. These systems typically combine a rigid frame with actuators, sensors, and a control unit, enabling assisted walking, lifting, or rehabilitation. Applications span clinical therapy, occupational safety, and mobility aid for people with limited lower-limb function. Design challenges include weight, battery life, fit and comfort, intuitive control interfaces, and safety considerations. Ongoing research aims to improve materials, actuation efficiency, and seamless interaction with the user.

See also: Exoskeleton, Ecdysis, Biomimetics, Robotic exoskeletons.