Ehkäisyvälineitä

Ehkäisyvälineitä are methods and devices used to prevent pregnancy. These methods are broadly categorized into hormonal and non-hormonal options. Hormonal methods typically involve synthetic hormones that interfere with ovulation, fertilization, or implantation. Examples include combined oral contraceptives, progestin-only pills, contraceptive patches, vaginal rings, implants, and injections. These methods are highly effective when used correctly but may have side effects and require a prescription.

Non-hormonal methods include barrier methods, intrauterine devices (IUDs), and natural family planning. Barrier methods, such as condoms (male and female), diaphragms, and cervical caps, work by physically preventing sperm from reaching the egg. Condoms also offer protection against sexually transmitted infections. Intrauterine devices are small, T-shaped devices inserted into the uterus by a healthcare professional. Copper IUDs are non-hormonal and last for several years, while hormonal IUDs release a small amount of progestin. Natural family planning, also known as fertility awareness-based methods, involves tracking a woman's menstrual cycle to identify fertile periods and avoid intercourse during those times. These methods require careful monitoring and have a higher failure rate compared to hormonal methods or IUDs. Emergency contraception, such as the morning-after pill, is also a form of pregnancy prevention used after unprotected intercourse. The choice of an ehkäisyväline depends on individual health, lifestyle, effectiveness, and personal preferences, and it is often recommended to discuss options with a healthcare provider.