EAAT15

EAAT15 is not a standard, widely recognized designation in current human gene nomenclature. The excitatory amino acid transporter (EAAT) family known in humans comprises five members commonly referred to as EAAT1 through EAAT5, encoded by SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1, SLC1A6, and SLC1A7, respectively. Some databases or nonstandard literature may use different labels, but EAAT15 does not correspond to a validated human transporter in major public resources.

Functionally, EAATs are high-affinity, sodium- and proton-coupled transporters that remove glutamate (and to a lesser extent aspartate) from the extracellular space, thereby terminating excitatory neurotransmission and protecting against excitotoxicity. Transport typically involves the inward movement of three Na+ ions and one H+ with the substrate, and the counter-transport of one K+ ion. In addition, several EAAT family members exhibit a ligand-gated anion conductance as part of their channel-like properties.

Expression patterns and structure: In the mammalian brain, EAAT1 (SLC1A3) and EAAT2 (SLC1A2) are primarily expressed in astrocytes, EAAT3 (SLC1A1) is neuronal, EAAT4 (SLC1A6) is cerebellar, and EAAT5 (SLC1A7) is enriched in the retina. Structurally, EAATs share an eight-transmembrane-domain architecture and typically assemble as trimers; they feature a central binding site for glutamate and undergo conformational changes during transport. Some isoforms also contribute to an anion leak conductance.

Clinical and research relevance: Altered EAAT function or expression has been linked to various neurological and psychiatric conditions, including ischemia, epilepsy, neurodegenerative diseases, and schizophrenia. Pharmacological modulation of EAAT activity is explored for neuroprotection and symptom management.

If you meant a different transporter name (for example, EAAT5/SLC1A7) or a species-specific annotation, please provide additional context.