Dàojiào

Dàojiào, often translated as Taoism or the Way, is an indigenous philosophical and religious tradition originating in China. Its core tenets revolve around the concept of the Dao, an ineffable, ultimate principle that underlies all existence. Practitioners seek to live in harmony with the Dao, often through a lifestyle of simplicity, spontaneity, and non-action (wu wei).

Early Daoist thought is often associated with Laozi, the purported author of the Daodejing (Tao Te Ching), and Zhuang Zhou, who authored the Zhuangzi. These foundational texts explore themes of naturalness, balance, and the cyclical nature of the universe. Over centuries, Daoism evolved into a complex system encompassing both philosophical and religious elements. Religious Daoism developed a pantheon of deities, rituals, and practices aimed at achieving longevity, immortality, and spiritual enlightenment.

Key concepts within Daoism include yin and yang, representing complementary opposing forces, and qi (ch'i), the vital life force that permeates everything. Practices such as meditation, qigong, and tai chi chuan are often employed to cultivate and balance qi. Daoism has profoundly influenced Chinese culture, art, medicine, and martial arts, and continues to be a significant spiritual and philosophical path for many worldwide.