Dyeshematoxylin

Dyeshematoxylin is a stain commonly used in histology and cytology for the microscopic staining of cell nuclei. It is derived from the hematoxylin extract, which comes from the logwood tree, Haematoxylum campechianum. The staining process typically involves oxidizing hematoxylin to hematein, which then acts as a mordant-dye complex. This complex binds to acidic components of the cell, primarily nucleic acids within the nucleus, resulting in a deep blue or purple coloration.

Hematoxylin staining is often used in conjunction with counterstains, such as eosin, in a technique known as hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Eosin, a pink or red acidic stain, stains the cytoplasm and extracellular matrix. This combination allows for clear visualization of tissue morphology and cellular structures, making it a fundamental tool in diagnostic pathology for identifying abnormalities and diseases. The precise color intensity and hue can be influenced by factors such as the age of the stain, the pH of the solution, and the mordant used, which can include aluminum salts, iron salts, or chromium salts. Different mordants can result in variations of the hematoxylin stain, producing shades from light blue to black.