Dreifarbschema

Dreifarbschema is a term used in German design and color theory to describe a color palette composed of three colors chosen to harmonize according to established rules. In practice it often corresponds to a triadic color scheme, where three hues are evenly spaced around the color wheel, such as red, blue, and yellow. Some uses of the concept also involve selecting a dominant color plus a secondary color and an accent color, with neutrals added to balance the palette.

Common approaches include triadic arrangements, which provide strong contrast while preserving harmony, and variations that introduce neutral tones or lighter/darker shades to temper saturation. A typical structure assigns the dominant color to establish mood, the secondary color to create contrast, and the accent color to highlight important elements or add focal points.

Applications span graphic design, branding, web and user interface design, packaging, and interior design. A three-color palette offers clear visual identity with relatively low complexity, while still allowing flexibility through adjustments in brightness, saturation, and the relative weight of each color.

Design guidelines emphasize legibility and accessibility. Sufficient contrast should be maintained for text and UI elements, and color should not be the sole means of conveying information. When choosing a dreifarbschema, designers often test variations to ensure readability under different lighting conditions and for color-vision deficiencies.

See also color wheel, color harmony, triadic color scheme, and color accessibility.