Dongpo

Dongpo is commonly used to refer to Su Dongpo, the pen name of Su Shi, a prominent Chinese poet, essayist, painter, calligrapher, and statesman of the Song dynasty (1037–1101). He is regarded as one of the major figures in classical Chinese literature and a key contributor to ci poetry.

Born in Meishan, Sichuan, Su Shi held various official posts and wrote extensively on politics, philosophy, and aesthetics. His career included periods of service at the Song court as well as exile to Huangzhou following political conflicts, experiences that shaped much of his writing.

As a poet and prose writer, Su Shi is celebrated for its breadth, bold imagery, and intellectual range. He helped advance the mature development of the ci lyric form and produced numerous essays, letters, and memorials. Notable works include the Chibi Fu (Ode to the Red Cliffs) and a wide body of lyric poetry that blends personal feeling, natural observation, and philosophical reflection. He was also a renowned calligrapher, and his style influenced later generations.

Dongpo's legacy extends beyond literature. He is regarded as a symbol of literary and moral integrity in Chinese cultural history. The culinary dish dongpo rou (Dongpo pork), a braised pork belly, is traditionally attributed to him and popular in Chinese cuisine. His memory is preserved in museums and temples, and his writings continue to be studied for their linguistic artistry and historical insight.