Discosoma

Discosoma is a genus of marine invertebrates belonging to the order Corallimorpharia, commonly known as mushroom or disc anemones. These soft corals are widespread in tropical and subtropical oceans, particularly in the Indo-Pacific region. They are characterized by their fleshy, disc-shaped bodies, which can vary in size and color. The upper surface of the disc is typically lined with numerous short, fleshy tentacles that are used for capturing small prey such as plankton and tiny invertebrates.

Unlike stony corals, Discosoma species do not secrete a calcium carbonate skeleton. Instead, their structure is supported by a mesoglea, a gelatinous layer within their body wall. They reproduce both sexually and asexually, with asexual reproduction often occurring through budding or fragmentation, allowing them to form colonies. Many species of Discosoma host symbiotic algae called zooxanthellae within their tissues. These algae provide the anemones with nutrients through photosynthesis, contributing significantly to their energy requirements and often imparting vibrant colors to the anemones.

Discosoma are popular in the aquarium hobby due to their striking appearance and relative hardiness. They are often found attached to rocks or substrate in shallow, well-lit reef environments. Their ecological role includes providing habitat for small organisms and serving as a food source for certain fish and invertebrates.