Dichtigkeitstest

Dichtigkeitstest, also known as a leak test, is a method used to determine whether a container, system or component maintains its integrity under specified conditions. The test evaluates whether fluid, gas or energy is prematurely lost or entered, which could impair performance or safety. Properly conducted tests help identify defects such as cracks, seams, weld failures, or faulty seals.

Types of Dichtigkeitstest include pressurisation, vacuum, helium leak detection, acoustic emission, and thermal imaging. In a pressurisation test, an internal pressure above normal operating conditions is applied and the system’s response is monitored for pressure drops. Vacuum tests remove external pressure, observing for back‑flow. Helium leak detection injects helium, a small, inert molecule, and uses a mass spectrometer to detect its escape. Acoustic emission measures the sound of escaping gases, while thermal imaging records temperature changes due to heat loss. The choice of method depends on system material, operating environment, and required sensitivity.

Industries that routinely perform Dichtigkeitstests range from automotive and aerospace to food packaging, electronics manufacturing and nuclear power. In the automotive sector, brake lines and fuel systems undergo strict leak tests to ensure safety. Aerospace seals, jet engine compressors and fuel tanks are tested to meet stringent certification standards. Packaging manufacturers employ leak checks to guarantee product shelf‑life and compliance with regulations. In nuclear facilities, coolant and containment vessels are subjected to rigorous leak testing to prevent radioactive release.

The benefits of a systematic Dichtigkeitstest program include reduced maintenance costs, prevention of product recalls, compliance with environmental and safety regulations, and extended service life of equipment. Standard organisations such as ISO, ASTM and the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) provide guidelines and standards for leak testing procedures, acceptance criteria and documentation.