Diagrams

Diagrams are visual representations that organize and present information, relationships, or processes in a symbolic form. They use shapes, lines, and labels to convey structure and meaning, often enabling quick understanding of complex material. Diagrams can illustrate spatial arrangements, flows, hierarchies, or interactions, and they can stand alone or accompany textual explanations.

Common types include charts and graphs (such as bar charts, line graphs, and pie charts) that emphasize quantitative relationships; schematic diagrams that depict components and connections (such as circuit diagrams, electrical schematics, plumbing diagrams); and conceptual diagrams (such as flowcharts, Venn diagrams, mind maps, and organizational charts).

Key design goals include clarity, accuracy, and unambiguous symbolism. Diagrams rely on standard conventions where appropriate, use consistent symbols or colors, and minimize extraneous detail. They should answer what, where, how something works, or what belongs to a system, without requiring extensive text.

Diagrams are used across science, engineering, education, business, and information technology to plan, analyze, or communicate. Historically, diagrams appear in architectural plans, mechanical drawings, and mathematical sketches; the late 19th and 20th centuries saw the widespread use of formal diagram types such as Venn diagrams and flowcharts. Digital tools enable rapid creation and editing, from vector graphics to specialized diagramming software.