Deshidrata

Deshidrata, or dehydration, is the condition in which the body loses more fluids than it takes in, resulting in a deficit of water and electrolytes. It can affect people and animals and ranges from mild to life-threatening. In Spanish and Portuguese, the verb deshidratar exists, and deshidrata is the third-person form meaning “he/she/it dehydrates” or “you dehydrate” depending on the language and context.

Causes include inadequate fluid intake, prolonged sweating, fever, vomiting, diarrhea, urinary losses, burns and certain medications such as diuretics or medicines that increase urine output. Dehydration can occur quickly in hot environments, during illness, or when fluids are not replaced after exercise.

Common signs and symptoms vary with severity. Mild dehydration may cause thirst, dry mouth, fatigue and reduced sweating. Moderate dehydration can include dark urine, headaches, dizziness and dry skin. Severe dehydration is a medical emergency, with very little or no urination, rapid heartbeat, confusion, fainting or coma.

Young children, older adults, people with chronic illnesses and athletes are at higher risk. Preventive measures include regular fluid intake, especially in hot weather or during illness, and using oral rehydration solutions or electrolyte drinks as appropriate.

Treatment focuses on restoring fluids and electrolytes, with oral rehydration for many cases; severe dehydration may require intravenous fluids in a clinical setting.

See also dehydration in medical contexts, oral rehydration therapy, electrolyte balance.