Declarativity

Declarativity refers to a programming paradigm and a general approach to problem-solving that emphasizes *what* needs to be achieved rather than *how* to achieve it. In a declarative approach, the programmer specifies the desired outcome or the logic of the computation without explicitly detailing the control flow or step-by-step instructions. This contrasts with imperative programming, which focuses on describing the sequence of operations a computer must perform to reach the desired state.

The core principle of declarativity is to abstract away the procedural details. Instead of writing a series of commands, a declarative program describes the properties of the solution. The underlying system or language then takes this description and figures out the most efficient way to fulfill it. Examples of declarative languages include SQL for database querying, HTML for web page structure, and CSS for styling. In these languages, you declare what data you want to retrieve, what elements a page should contain, or how an element should look, rather than writing code to iterate through data, append elements, or apply styles step-by-step.

This abstraction can lead to several benefits, such as increased readability, easier maintenance, and potentially more optimized execution, as the system has more freedom to choose the best implementation strategy. Declarative programming encourages a higher level of abstraction, allowing developers to focus on the problem domain rather than the intricacies of execution.