Daisys

Daisies are a common name for several flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, notably the common daisy (Bellis perennis) and the oxeye daisy (Leucanthemum vulgare), as well as many garden cultivars such as the Shasta daisy (Leucanthemum × superbum). They are typically herbaceous perennials with a single flower head on a stem and a flat, rounded appearance. The name derives from Old English daeges eages, meaning “day’s eye,” in reference to the habit of opening in the day and closing at night.

A typical daisy inflorescence is a composite head consisting of white ray florets surrounding a yellow central disc of disc florets. Ray florets may be white, pink, or cream in cultivated forms, and plant height ranges from a few centimeters for Bellis to over half a meter for many Leucanthemum cultivars. Leaves are variable, with Bellis having low rosettes and Leucanthemum bearing longer, lanceolate leaves.

Daisies are native to Europe and western Asia but have become naturalized worldwide. They commonly grow in meadows, grasslands, and cultivated borders, preferring full sun and well-drained soil. They are hardy perennials that can be propagated by seed or division, and many garden forms benefit from deadheading to extend bloom. Some species can spread aggressively in favorable conditions.

Ecologically, daisies attract bees and butterflies and are valued as bright, long-lasting ornamentals and cut flowers. Shasta daisies are especially popular in gardens and bouquets. In culture, daisies symbolize innocence in Victorian symbolism and have associations with renewal in folklore. They are primarily grown for ornamental use, with some traditional herbal uses recorded in historical texts.