Dízelvillamos

A dízelvillamos, also known as a diesel-electric locomotive or railcar, is a form of railway propulsion that combines a diesel engine with an electric transmission system. Instead of directly driving the wheels, the diesel engine powers a generator, which in turn produces electricity. This electricity is then used to power electric motors that drive the wheels. This design offers several advantages over purely mechanical diesel locomotives, including smoother acceleration, better adhesion, and the ability to distribute traction effort more evenly across multiple axles.

The concept of diesel-electric propulsion emerged in the early 20th century as an alternative to steam locomotives and early electric traction. Early designs often featured a direct current (DC) generator and DC traction motors. Over time, advancements led to the widespread adoption of alternating current (AC) alternators and AC traction motors, which generally offer higher efficiency and require less maintenance. Modern dízelvillamos units often incorporate sophisticated control systems that optimize fuel efficiency and performance.

Dízelvillamos are particularly useful in situations where electrification of railway lines is not feasible or economical. They are commonly found in freight service, passenger trains on non-electrified routes, and in shunting operations. Their versatility and independent operation make them a practical choice for many railway networks worldwide. They can also be used in multiple unit configurations, allowing for increased power and flexibility in train operations. The maintenance and operational costs are generally considered a balance between traditional diesel and fully electric systems.