Cydalima

Cydalima is a genus of moths in the family Crambidae, order Lepidoptera. The genus comprises several described species, with the best known being Cydalima perspectalis, commonly called the box tree moth.

Cydalima perspectalis was described by Walker in 1859. Members of the genus are small to medium-sized moths. Adult wingspans typically range from about 16 to 28 millimeters. Forewings are white with brown or cinnamon markings, and hindwings are pale with similar patterning.

Native to East Asia (including China, Korea, and Japan), Cydalima perspectalis has become an invasive pest in Europe since the early 2000s and has spread to other temperate regions where boxwood is cultivated. The species often disperses with the movement of nursery plants and garden stock.

Life cycle and behavior: Eggs are laid on the leaves of host plants, primarily boxwood (Buxus spp.). Larvae feed on the foliage, frequently skeletonizing leaves and webbing together shoots. Pupation occurs in silken cocoons on the plant. In warm climates, there can be several generations per year, contributing to rapid population growth.

Host plants: The primary host is boxwood (Buxus spp.). Occasional feeding on related ornamental species has been reported.

Impact and management: Infestations can cause defoliation, reduced vigor, and aesthetic damage to ornamental boxwood plants. Monitoring with pheromone traps, manual removal of eggs and larvae, pruning of infested shoots, and the use of targeted insecticides or biological control agents are commonly employed. Preventive quarantine and sanitation practices help limit spread to new areas.