Cukoranyagcsererendellenességek

Cukoranyagcsererendellenességek refers to a group of metabolic disorders that affect how the body processes glucose, the primary sugar used for energy. These conditions arise when there are problems with insulin production, insulin action, or both. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps glucose move from the bloodstream into cells.

The most common type of cukoranyagcsererendellenesség is diabetes mellitus. Diabetes is characterized by hyperglycemia, or high blood sugar levels. There are several types of diabetes, including type 1, type 2, gestational diabetes, and other specific forms. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition where the body's immune system attacks and destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. Type 2 diabetes is more prevalent and typically develops when the body either doesn't produce enough insulin or the cells become resistant to insulin's effects. Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy and usually resolves after delivery, though it increases the risk of type 2 diabetes later in life.

Other cukoranyagcsererendellenességek include hypoglycemia, which is characterized by abnormally low blood sugar levels. This can be caused by various factors, including certain medications, hormonal imbalances, or excessive alcohol consumption. Pre-diabetes is a condition where blood sugar levels are higher than normal but not yet high enough to be diagnosed as type 2 diabetes, indicating an increased risk of developing diabetes.

Uncontrolled cukoranyagcsererendellenességek can lead to serious long-term complications affecting various organs, including the eyes, kidneys, nerves, and cardiovascular system. Management typically involves lifestyle modifications such as diet and exercise, medication, and regular monitoring of blood glucose levels.