Csípcsont

Csípcsont is a term that is most commonly associated with sípcsont, the tibia or shinbone, in Hungarian anatomy. The tibia is the larger, weight-bearing bone of the lower leg and lies medially relative to the fibula.

Anatomy and joints: The tibia extends from the knee to the ankle. Proximally, it articulates with the femur at the knee via the medial and lateral tibial condyles, with the intercondylar eminence between them. The fibula lies alongside the tibia and forms proximal and distal articulations with it, though the knee joint itself is primarily formed by the femur and tibia. Distally, the tibia contributes to the ankle joint by articulating with the talus; the distal end carries the medial malleolus, a prominent projection that helps stabilize the ankle. The tibial shaft features an anterior crest and medial and lateral borders, and the tibial tuberosity near the proximal anterior surface serves as an attachment point for the patellar ligament.

Function and clinical relevance: The tibia bears most of the body's weight during standing and locomotion. It serves as a site for major muscle attachments and plays a central role in knee and ankle mechanics. Clinically, the tibia is a common site of fractures, including proximal, shaft, and distal (ankle) fractures. Tibial fractures can result from high-energy trauma or repetitive stress, as in shin splints or stress reactions. Growth disturbances can occur in the tibial tuberosity region in adolescents, and osteomyelitis or other pathologies, though less common, may involve the tibia.

Etymology and usage: The Hungarian sípcsont is the standard term for the tibia. The form csípcsont may appear as a spelling variant or confusion with sípcsont in informal writing, but sípcsont is the recognized anatomical term.