Containerlading

Container loading, or container lading, is the process of placing cargo into standardized intermodal containers for transport by ship, rail, or road. It encompasses planning, packing, securing, and sealing to ensure safe and efficient handling, transit, and discharge.

Containers come in standard sizes and configurations. The most common are 20-foot and 40-foot dry containers, measured in TEU units (one 20-foot container equals 1 TEU; a 40-foot equals 2 TEU). Other types include refrigerated (reefer) containers, high-cube containers, open-top, and flat racks, as well as tank containers for liquids.

Before loading, planners assess weight, volume, and balance. A stowage plan assigns each container a position within the vessel, truck, or rail wagon to optimize stability, center of gravity, and breach risk. Cargo is often unitized on pallets or in cartons, then loaded with appropriate equipment (forklifts for floor-loaded cargo, cranes or reach stackers for containers).

To secure cargo inside a container, goods are braced, palletized, or blocked as needed, and the container is sealed once loaded. On ships, containers are secured to the deck with twist locks and lashing where required. Dangerous goods are handled under IMDG Code; reefer containers require electrical power and temperature control.

Container loading is governed by international standards and regulations. ISO 668 and ISO 1161 cover container dimensions and corner fittings; ISO 1496-1 covers container specifications and testing. Practices are guided by maritime safety regimes such as SOLAS and port authorities. Proper loading reduces risk of damage, cargo loss, and accidents while maximizing transport efficiency.