Complexin4

Complexin4 is a protein that plays a role in regulating neurotransmitter release at synapses. It belongs to the complexin family of proteins, which are known for their involvement in synaptic vesicle exocytosis, the process by which neurotransmitters are released from a neuron into the synaptic cleft. Specifically, complexin4 is one of four known complexin isoforms in mammals, with complexin1, complexin2, and complexin3 being the others. While the precise functions of each complexin isoform can differ, they generally act as molecular switches that fine-tune the fusion of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic membrane.

Research suggests that complexin4 contributes to the stabilization of the SNARE complex, a protein machinery essential for vesicle fusion. By interacting with syntaxin-1, SNAP-25, and synaptobrevin, complexin4 can modulate the efficiency and timing of neurotransmitter release. Studies, often using knockout mouse models lacking complexin4 or other isoforms, have provided insights into its specific contribution to synaptic plasticity and neuronal communication. While complexin1 and complexin2 have been more extensively studied, ongoing research continues to elucidate the unique and overlapping roles of complexin4 within the complexin family and its broader impact on neurological function.