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SNAP25

SNAP25, or synaptosomal-associated protein of 25 kDa, is a neuronal t-SNARE that plays a central role in fast, calcium-triggered neurotransmitter release. It is a core component of the presynaptic SNARE complex, which mediates vesicle fusion with the plasma membrane.

In the SNARE complex, SNAP-25 forms two alpha-helical segments that contribute to the four-helix bundle along

SNAP-25 exists mainly as two brain-enriched isoforms, SNAP-25A and SNAP-25B, produced by alternative splicing. The protein

Functionally, SNAP-25 participates in vesicle priming and fusion across neurons and neuroendocrine cells. It interacts with

Genetic disruption or altered regulation of SNAP-25 impairs neurotransmission and is associated with neuropsychiatric disorders in

with
syntaxin-1A
and
synaptobrevin/VAMP2.
This
complex
draws
the
synaptic
vesicle
and
plasma
membranes
together
to
drive
membrane
fusion
when
calcium
binds
to
sensors
such
as
synaptotagmin-1.
is
tethered
to
the
cytoplasmic
face
of
the
plasma
membrane
via
palmitoylation
of
a
cluster
of
cysteine
residues
in
its
central
region,
enabling
it
to
participate
in
docking
and
priming
of
synaptic
vesicles.
several
proteins,
including
syntaxin-1,
synaptotagmin-1,
Munc18-1,
and
complexins,
and
its
activity
influences
neurotransmitter
release
probability
and
kinetics.
some
studies.
In
animal
models,
loss
of
SNAP-25
leads
to
severe
defects
in
synaptic
transmission
and
often
perinatal
lethality,
underscoring
its
essential
role
in
synaptic
function.