Clomifeen

Clomifeen is a variant spelling that is commonly used to refer to clomiphene, a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) used to induce ovulation in women with anovulatory infertility, especially in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). As a SERM, clomiphene has mixed estrogenic effects depending on the tissue, acting as an antagonist at estrogen receptors in the hypothalamus and as a weaker agonist in other tissues.

Mechanism of action: By blocking estrogen receptors in the hypothalamus, clomiphene lowers the negative feedback from circulating estrogen. This increases the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which in turn stimulates the pituitary to secrete more follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), promoting follicular development and ovulation.

Medical uses: The primary use is to induce ovulation in women with infertility due to anovulation, most notably PCOS. It is often a first-line pharmacologic option before proceeding to injectable gonadotropins. It may be used in other light-contrast infertility contexts as advised by a clinician.

Administration and monitoring: Clomiphene is taken orally, typically 50 mg daily for five days, usually starting on days 3–5 of the menstrual cycle. If ovulation does not occur, the dose may be increased in subsequent cycles under medical supervision. Cycle monitoring with ultrasound and sometimes hormonal assays helps assess follicular development.

Adverse effects and safety: Common side effects include hot flashes, abdominal discomfort, nausea, breast tenderness, and headaches. There is a small risk of multiple pregnancy and, rarely, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Contraindications include pregnancy, undiagnosed vaginal bleeding, liver disease, and hypersensitivity.

See also: clomiphene citrate, brand names such as Clomid or Serophene. Note: “clomifeen” may be a regional spelling variant for clomiphene.