Ciszzsírsavak

Ciszzsírsavak, also known as cis fatty acids, are a type of unsaturated fatty acid characterized by a specific geometric configuration around their double bonds. In these molecules, the hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon atoms involved in the double bond are positioned on the same side. This contrasts with trans fatty acids, where the hydrogen atoms are on opposite sides. The cis configuration results in a "kink" or bend in the fatty acid chain, which affects its physical properties.

This molecular structure makes cis fatty acids more fluid and less likely to pack tightly together compared to their saturated or trans counterparts. Naturally occurring unsaturated fatty acids in foods like vegetable oils, nuts, and fish are predominantly in the cis form. Essential fatty acids, such as linoleic acid (an omega-6 fatty acid) and alpha-linolenic acid (an omega-3 fatty acid), are crucial for human health and are cis fatty acids. They play vital roles in cell membrane structure, hormone production, and inflammation regulation.

While both cis and trans unsaturated fatty acids contain double bonds, their differing configurations lead to significant biological distinctions. The human body has enzymes that can metabolize cis fatty acids efficiently. Conversely, trans fatty acids, often formed through industrial hydrogenation processes, are metabolized differently and have been linked to adverse health effects, including increased risk of heart disease. Therefore, dietary recommendations generally encourage the consumption of foods rich in cis unsaturated fatty acids and avoidance of trans fats.