Chlorinecontaining

Chlorine-containing is a broad descriptor for chemical substances that include chlorine atoms in their molecular structure. This category spans inorganic compounds such as simple chlorides (for example, sodium chloride and potassium chloride), oxidized chlorine species (chlorates, chlorites, and perchlorates), hypochlorites, and even elemental chlorine gas. It also covers organic chlorine compounds in which chlorine is covalently bonded to carbon, including chlorinated solvents (such as dichloromethane and trichloroethylene), chlorinated pesticides, and a wide range of chlorine-containing polymers like polyvinyl chloride (PVC).

Within organic chemistry, chlorine substitution can alter reactivity, polarity, and stability of molecules. Some chlorine-containing compounds are small and reactive, others are persistent and resistant to biodegradation. A subset, known as organochlorines, can persist in the environment and bioaccumulate, leading to regulatory and health concerns. Related compounds include polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), DDT and related insecticides, dioxins, and various chlorinated solvents that have been phased out or restricted in many regions.

Uses and applications are diverse. Chlorine and hypochlorite salts are central to disinfection and water treatment, bleaching, and sanitation. Chlorinated hydrocarbons serve as solvents, intermediates in chemical synthesis, and precursors to other products. Chlorinated polymers like PVC are widely used in construction, packaging, and consumer goods.

Safety and environmental impact vary by compound. While some chlorine-containing substances are essential or relatively benign (for example, table salt), many others pose health or environmental risks, including toxicity, ozone depletion potential for certain chlorinated compounds, and long-term persistence. Regulatory measures aim to manage production, use, and disposal to mitigate risks.