Chinatowns

Chinatowns are urban districts with a high concentration of Chinese residents and businesses, functioning as cultural and commercial hubs within cities around the world. They typically feature Chinese-language signage, markets, restaurants, temples, and social organizations, and they often serve as gateways for immigrants and visitors seeking Chinese goods and culture.

Origins and distribution: Chinatowns originated in the 19th century as Chinese migrants established enclaves where they could live and work under conditions of discrimination or restricted housing. Notable early examples emerged in the United States, Canada, and parts of Southeast Asia, and later in Europe, Australia, and beyond. Architecturally they may showcase traditional gateways or arches (paifang), narrow lanes, and shophouses with mixed-use ground floors.

Community life: Inside Chinatowns, markets, herbalists, temples, and family associations provide social and economic networks. Languages spoken reflect the immigrant waves, including Cantonese, Mandarin, Hokkien, and Teochew. Cultural events such as the Lunar New Year and the Mid-Autumn Festival are common features, attracting both residents and tourists.

Contemporary status: In many cities, Chinatowns remain living neighborhoods while expanding into tourist destinations. Some have experienced gentrification or decline in resident populations, while others have seen revitalization efforts and heritage conservation. They often function as cultural touchstones and economic engines for both Chinese and non-Chinese communities.