Chelleh

Chelleh is a traditional Iranian and Azerbaijani festival celebrated on the winter solstice, marking the longest night of the year. It is a time of joy, family gathering, and a symbolic welcoming of the coming of longer days and the warmth of spring. The festival's name derives from the Persian word "chehel," meaning forty, and historically it was believed to be the fortieth night after the winter solstice.

Families typically gather together on Chelleh night. A central element of the celebration is the "Korsi," a low table covered with a blanket, often heated from underneath, around which family members sit. They share a special meal, which often includes watermelon and nuts, particularly pomegranates and walnuts, symbolizing fertility and abundance. Reading poetry, especially the works of Hafez, is another cherished tradition, with individuals often "fal" or taking omens by randomly opening his Divan and interpreting a verse.

The origins of Chelleh are rooted in Zoroastrian traditions, celebrating the victory of light over darkness. The passing of the longest night signifies the gradual return of sunlight and the impending end of winter. While it is a deeply ingrained cultural event, its observance remains strong, particularly in Iran and parts of Azerbaijan, as a way to preserve heritage and foster community bonds.