CeSO4

CeSO4, commonly referred to as cerium(IV) sulfate, is an inorganic salt composed of the cerium cation in its +4 oxidation state coordinated to sulfate anions. Its nominal formula, CeSO4, reflects a 1:1 stoichiometry though in practice the compound is often found as a hydrated or polyhydrated species, frequently written as CeSO4·xH2O. The solid is a white to pale‑yellow crystalline powder that is hygroscopic and tends to lose water when exposed to dry air.

Preparation of CeSO4 typically involves the direct reaction of cerium(IV) oxide with concentrated sulfuric acid at temperatures below 100 °C, under which the oxide dissolves to form a clear solution of cerium(IV) sulfate. Alternative routes include the oxidation of cerium(III) sulfate with an oxidant such as nitric acid followed by precipitation. Because the Ce4+ ion is strongly oxidising, the salt is sensitive to reducing agents and tends to decompose to CeO2 and sulfate anions when heated above 200 °C.

In the laboratory, CeSO4 is used as a source of Ce4+ for oxidising transformations, such as the oxidation of aldehydes to carboxylic acids or the dehydrogenation of alcohols. It also functions as a catalyst component in certain redox polymerisation systems. The material is relatively safe to handle under normal laboratory conditions; however, its oxidising nature requires avoidance of contact with organic solvents and potential flammable materials. Disposal should follow standard protocols for heavy‑metal salts.