Cancerfremme

Cancerfremme is a term used in some Danish- and Norwegian-language medical writings to refer to processes, factors, or conditions that promote the development and progression of cancer. It is not a formal diagnostic category, but a descriptive label for pro-tumorigenic influences that can operate at various stages of carcinogenesis, from initiation to progression and metastasis.

Usage and scope: In the literature, cancerfremme encompasses chronic inflammation, cellular stress responses, genomic instability, immune evasion, angiogenesis, metabolic reprogramming, and remodeling of the tumor microenvironment. Environmental exposures (for example certain chemicals or infections), metabolic disorders such as obesity, and lifestyle factors may be described as cancerfremme drivers in reviews or educational texts.

Mechanisms: Pro-tumor effects may include DNA damage, promotion of cell survival despite damage, evasion of immune surveillance, and creation of a supportive niche for tumor cells. The concept emphasizes interactions among tumor cells and surrounding stromal and immune cells.

Clinical and research relevance: Recognizing cancerfremme factors helps in risk assessment, prevention, and the development of therapies that counteract pro-tumor signals, such as anti-inflammatory agents or therapies targeting the tumor microenvironment.

Limitations: Because cancerfremme is not standardized across medical communities, its exact meaning can vary. Some authors prefer more precise terms such as carcinogenesis, tumor promotion, or specific pathways.

See also: carcinogenesis; tumor promotion; tumor microenvironment; inflammation and cancer.