CADModells

CADModells are the digital representations of objects created with computer-aided design software. They are used to visualize, analyze, simulate, manufacture, and document parts and assemblies across engineering, architecture, and product development.

A CADModell typically stores geometric data (points, curves, surfaces), topology, and parametric rules or constraints. Depending on the approach, models can be parametric, where dimensions drive geometry, or direct, where geometry is manipulated without constraints. They can also include assemblies, bill of materials, tolerances, material properties, and metadata such as version and author.

Files may be saved in vendor-specific native formats or in neutral interchange formats to enable cross-platform compatibility. Common neutral formats include STEP, IGES, STL, DWG/DXF, and Parasolid. 3D models can be used directly for manufacturing via computer numerical control (CNC) or 3D printing, or imported into simulation tools for finite element analysis and computational fluid dynamics.

Typical workflows include designing components, assembling them into a larger product, performing simulations to validate performance, creating manufacturing drawings and documentation, and maintaining revision history. CADModells also support digital twins and collaboration through cloud-based platforms and version control systems.

History and impact: CAD systems emerged in the late 20th century and have become central to modern engineering and design processes, enabling faster iteration, higher precision, and closer integration with manufacturing and supply chains. Limitations include licensing costs, interoperability issues, and the need for standardization of data exchange.