C2H7NO3S

C2H7NO3S is the chemical formula for taurine, also known as 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid. Taurine is a simple sulfur-containing amino acid-like compound that plays multiple roles in biology and industry. Its formula reflects a two-carbon backbone with an amino group and a sulfonic acid group.

In terms of structure, taurine consists of an amino group (NH2) attached to the second carbon of an ethane chain that bears a sulfonic acid group (SO3H) at the terminal end. At physiological pH the molecule commonly exists as a zwitterion, with the amino group protonated (NH3+) and the sulfonic acid deprotonated (SO3−). The IUPAC name is 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid, and the common synonyms include taurine. The CAS number is 107-35-7.

Occurrence and roles: Taurine occurs widely in animal tissues, particularly in bile, muscles, and the nervous system. It is not incorporated into proteins but functions as an osmoregulator, neuromodulator, and antioxidant. It also participates in the conjugation of bile acids (forming bile salts such as taurocholate), which is important for fat digestion. In humans, taurine is obtained from the diet and synthesized in limited amounts; it is especially essential for some animals, such as cats.

Uses and properties: Taurine is widely used as a dietary supplement and as an additive in certain foods and beverages. It is highly soluble in water, and its simple structure makes it a versatile intermediate in chemical synthesis and pharmaceutical formulations. Regulatory status varies by jurisdiction, but it is generally regarded as safe at typical intake levels.