Byudjetti

Byudjetti is the annual financial plan of a city or municipality, outlining expected revenues and expenditures for the coming period and translating policy goals into resource allocations. It serves as the primary tool for allocating public resources across services such as housing, education, transportation, and public safety.

Typical components include an operating budget covering day-to-day expenses (salaries, materials, utilities) and a capital budget or investment plan for long-term assets (infrastructure, facilities, equipment). Revenue sources often include property taxes, fees and charges for services, intergovernmental transfers, and borrowing; reserves may be established for contingencies.

Process: The budget is usually proposed by the city administration, then reviewed in public meetings and approved by the city council or equivalent body. Public consultation and amendments may occur, followed by adoption. Implementation requires budgetary control, sometimes using line-item, program, or performance-based budgeting, with periodic revisions during the year.

Oversight and accountability: Budgets are subject to audits by internal or external auditors, with regular financial reporting to residents. Transparency is commonly enhanced by publishing budget documents and making data accessible, sometimes including participatory budgeting processes.

Significance and trends: The byudjetti reflects policy priorities, balancing service needs with fiscal sustainability and equity. In many jurisdictions, there is increasing use of multi-year planning, performance measurement, and citizen engagement to improve transparency and outcomes.