Bundesteilhabegesetz

The Bundesteilhabegesetz (BTHG) is a German federal law enacted in 2016 to reform the system of participation and inclusion for people with disabilities. Its primary aim is to strengthen self-determination, equal opportunities, and participation in social life by reorganizing the provision of supports and services across the social security framework.

The act realigns responsibilities and funding for participation-related assistance and introduces new instruments to empower individuals. A central element is the Persönliches Budget (personal budget), which allows people with disabilities to fund and tailor measures that enable participation in daily life, education, work, and housing. The reform emphasizes self-determination and the freedom to choose service providers and support arrangements, aligning with the principles of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.

A key feature of the BTHG is the expansion of living arrangements that support independent living. The legislation promotes options such as supported living and living in ordinary housing, with a view to reducing reliance on large residential facilities. It also strengthens participation in the labor market through enhanced supports, vocational training, and assisted employment opportunities.

Planning and governance are central to the act’s approach. It requires person-centered planning and the development of participation plans (Teilhabepläne) in collaboration with the beneficiary, family or legal guardians, service providers, and authorities, aiming to ensure coordinated, high-quality support. Oversight and quality standards for services are increased to promote equal access to benefits.

Implementation began in 2017 and proceeded in stages with subsequent amendments to reflect ongoing reform goals. The BTHG seeks to enhance autonomy, reduce institutional care, and promote meaningful participation in society for people with disabilities, while also presenting challenges related to funding, administration, and capacity building.