Brustdrüsensystems

The Brustdrüsensystem, commonly referred to in English as the mammary gland system, is a specialized exocrine organ responsible for milk production and secretion in mammals, including humans. It is composed of several anatomical components: lobes, further divided into lobules that contain alveoli where milk is synthesized; ductal structures that transport milk from alveoli to the nipple; and a supportive stromal matrix that supplies blood vessels and nerves. Hormonal regulation, particularly by prolactin, oxytocin, estrogen, and progesterone, orchestrates the growth, differentiation, and function of this system. During lactation, the gland undergoes significant changes to increase milk yield and adjust the ductal network for efficient milk flow.

The system plays a vital role in neonatal nutrition and immunity, providing essential fatty acids, proteins, and antibodies. It also serves as an endocrine organ influencing metabolic processes. Clinically, disturbances in the Brustdrüsensystem are implicated in conditions such as mastitis, fibrocystic changes, and breast cancer. Diagnostic imaging (mammography, ultrasound, MRI) and histopathological examination allow for early detection and management of these conditions. Breastfeeding practices, hormonal status, and genetic factors all influence the development and health of the glandular tissue. Research continues to uncover molecular mechanisms governing gland organogenesis and pathology, providing insights for improved therapeutic strategies.