Brustdrüsensystem

The Brustdrüsensystem, or mammary gland system, refers to the specialized structures within the breast responsible for producing and secreting milk. This system is primarily composed of glandular tissue, ducts, and fatty tissue. The glandular tissue consists of lobules, which contain alveoli, the microscopic sacs where milk is synthesized. These alveoli are lined with secretory cells that produce milk from nutrients and fluids in the bloodstream.

From the alveoli, milk travels through a network of small ducts that merge into larger lactiferous ducts. These main ducts lead towards the nipple, where they open to allow milk to be released. Surrounding and supporting the glandular and ductal tissue is connective tissue, including adipose tissue (fat), which contributes to the overall size and shape of the breast.

Hormonal influences play a crucial role in the development and function of the Brustdrüsensystem. During puberty, estrogen and progesterone stimulate the growth of the ductal system and lobules. During pregnancy, prolactin, secreted by the pituitary gland, promotes the development of the alveoli and initiates milk production. Lactation, the process of milk production and secretion, is maintained by suckling, which triggers the release of oxytocin, causing the milk to be ejected. The Brustdrüsensystem undergoes cyclical changes throughout a woman's reproductive life, influenced by the menstrual cycle and pregnancy. After menopause, glandular tissue typically regresses and is replaced by fatty tissue.