Bronkiitti

Bronkiitti is an inflammation of the bronchial tubes, the airways that carry air to and from your lungs. It is commonly caused by viral infections, such as the common cold or flu. Bacterial infections can also cause bronchitis, though less frequently. Environmental irritants like cigarette smoke, air pollution, and dust can also contribute to or worsen bronchitis.

There are two main types of bronchitis: acute and chronic. Acute bronchitis is a short-term illness that usually develops after a respiratory infection. Symptoms typically include a cough that may produce mucus, chest tightness, and shortness of breath. Fever and fatigue can also occur. Acute bronchitis usually resolves within a few weeks, though the cough may linger for longer.

Chronic bronchitis is a more serious condition characterized by a persistent cough that produces mucus for at least three months a year for two consecutive years. It is often associated with long-term exposure to irritants, particularly smoking. Chronic bronchitis is a component of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Symptoms can include shortness of breath, wheezing, and frequent respiratory infections.

Diagnosis of bronchitis is typically based on a medical history and physical examination. A doctor may listen to the lungs for abnormal sounds. In some cases, further tests like a chest X-ray or sputum culture may be used to rule out other conditions or identify the cause. Treatment for acute bronchitis usually involves supportive care, such as rest, fluids, and over-the-counter medications for symptom relief. Antibiotics are generally not effective against viral bronchitis. For chronic bronchitis, the focus is on managing symptoms, preventing exacerbations, and addressing the underlying cause, such as smoking cessation.