Bricklaying

Bricklaying is the craft of building with bricks laid in mortar to form walls, partitions, arches, and other masonry structures. It relies on careful layout, cutting, and bonding patterns to ensure strength and stability. Common masonry units include fired clay bricks, concrete bricks, and concrete blocks, and mortars are usually cement-based with lime or polymer additives. The choice of brick size, type, and mortar affects weather resistance, insulation, and durability.

Work begins with setting reference lines and preparing the mortar. Bricks are pressed into a bed of mortar, and successive courses are aligned with a level and a plumb line. Bonds such as running, English, Flemish, or stack bond determine how bricks interlock and transfer loads. Joints are tooled or tucked to finish and seal the wall. Headers (bricks laid perpendicular to the face) and stretchers (bricks laid parallel) are used to form the bond pattern. Openings are supported with lintels or reinforced elements.

Techniques extend to arches, curved walls, and veneer applications. Bricklaying requires attention to damp conditions, curing, and mortar slump. In modern construction, reinforced brickwork may include steel bars and grout; blocks or bricks may be used for insulation or acoustics. Quality control involves checking alignment, level, plumb, and joint integrity. Common problems include cracking due to settlement, moisture ingress, or frozen mortar. Proper training and safety practices, including scaffolding and PPE, are essential.