Breakbarrel

Breakbarrel refers to a type of firearm, most commonly an air rifle or shotgun, that is cocked by breaking the barrel or fore-end away from the action. This action performs two primary functions: it compresses a spring or piston, storing energy for the projectile, and it opens the breech for loading.

The mechanism is simple and robust, making it a popular choice for entry-level firearms and for casual target shooting or pest control. When the barrel is bent downwards or sideways, a latch disengages, allowing the barrel to pivot. This movement also typically compresses a mainspring which, when released by pulling the trigger, drives a piston forward. The piston then forces air through the barrel, propelling the projectile. In shotguns, this action also aligns the barrel with the breech for manual insertion of a shell.

Breakbarrel air rifles are known for their ease of use and lack of complex moving parts, contributing to their reliability. However, the cocking action can require a significant amount of force, especially in more powerful models. The act of breaking the barrel and then returning it to its closed position can also introduce minor inconsistencies in barrel alignment, which might affect long-range accuracy compared to other action types. Despite this, their simplicity and affordability have made them a staple for many firearm enthusiasts.