Brakyterapiassa

Brakyterapiassa, often referred to as brachytherapy, is a form of radiotherapy where a sealed radiation source is placed inside or next to the area of the body requiring treatment. This allows for a high dose of radiation to be delivered directly to the tumor while minimizing exposure to surrounding healthy tissues. The term "brachy" comes from the Greek word for "short distance."

Brachytherapy can be used to treat a variety of cancers, including prostate, breast, cervical, skin, and head and neck cancers. The radiation sources are typically small seeds, wires, or capsules containing radioactive isotopes such as iodine-125, palladium-103, or iridium-192. The method of delivery depends on the type and location of the cancer. It can be temporary, where the radioactive source is removed after a short period, or permanent, where the sources remain in place and decay over time.

The procedure is generally performed on an outpatient basis, although some treatments may require a short hospital stay. Before brachytherapy, a medical team will assess the patient's condition and the characteristics of the tumor. During the procedure, applicators such as needles, catheters, or tubes are used to guide the radioactive sources into the precise location. Real-time imaging techniques like ultrasound, CT scans, or MRI may be used to ensure accurate placement.

Brachytherapy is often used in conjunction with external beam radiation therapy or other cancer treatments like surgery or chemotherapy. Its advantages include precise targeting of the tumor, reduced radiation exposure to healthy organs, and potentially shorter treatment times compared to some other radiation techniques. The specific type and duration of brachytherapy are tailored to the individual patient and their cancer.