Brachylagus

Brachylagus is a genus of lagomorphs in the family Leporidae. It is the only genus in the tribe Brachylagini. The genus currently contains a single recognized species, Brachylagus idahoensis, commonly known as the pygmy rabbit. This species is native to the arid and semi-arid regions of the western United States, primarily in sagebrush steppe habitats.

The pygmy rabbit is the smallest rabbit species in North America. Adults typically measure between 9 to 11.5 inches in length and weigh between 0.8 to 2.4 pounds. They have short ears and legs relative to their body size. Their fur is a grayish-brown color, providing camouflage within their environment. A distinguishing characteristic is their short, broad tail.

Brachylagus idahoensis is a herbivore, with its diet consisting almost exclusively of sagebrush. This dietary specialization makes them particularly vulnerable to habitat loss and degradation of sagebrush ecosystems. They are crepuscular, meaning they are most active during dawn and dusk. Pygmy rabbits are known to dig extensive burrows, which they use for shelter from predators and extreme weather conditions. These burrows often have multiple entrances and chambers.

The conservation status of Brachylagus idahoensis has been a concern, with populations facing threats from habitat fragmentation, invasive plant species that outcompete sagebrush, and agricultural development. Conservation efforts are in place in several areas to protect and restore their habitat. The genus name Brachylagus derives from Greek words meaning "short hare."