Bouwwerk

Bouwwerk is a Dutch term that refers to a built structure or piece of construction created by humans. It can denote a physical object—such as a building, bridge, dam, tower, or monument—as well as the broader activity of building or erecting structures. The word combines bouwen (to build) and werk (work), signaling both the act and its concrete product. In everyday Dutch, bouwwerk is common in contexts discussing architecture and civil engineering, while in archaeology or historical studies it can refer to ancient or medieval structures such as city walls, ramparts, or earthworks.

A bouwwerk typically has a stable, durable character designed to fulfill a function, bear loads, and interact with its surroundings. Materials and techniques vary by era and region, from traditional masonry to modern reinforced concrete and steel. The concept also covers permanent structures rather than temporary works that are integral to a project; the emphasis is on the built object itself.

In regulatory or planning contexts, bouwwerk is used to describe structures that are subject to building permits, safety rules, and inspections. The term is neutral and inclusive, avoiding judgments about aesthetics, and is often paired with more specific designations like gebouw (building), brug (bridge), or monument.