Bistånd

Bistånd is a Swedish term for assistance or aid. In Swedish usage, it covers two main spheres: international development aid provided by the state to other countries (utvecklingsbistånd) and social welfare assistance given to residents within Sweden (ekonomiskt bistånd).

International bistånd is managed by the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) and guided by national policy objectives such as poverty reduction, human rights, gender equality, and sustainable development. It can be delivered as grants or concessional loans and through bilateral cooperation, regional programs, or multilateral channels. Principles include effectiveness, transparency, alignment with partner needs, and efforts to promote democracy and resilience. Monitoring, evaluation, and anti-corruption measures are integral.

Domestic bistånd refers to economic social assistance (ekonomiskt bistånd) provided by municipalities to individuals who cannot meet basic living costs. It is means-tested and administered under the Socialtjänstlagen (Social Services Act). Decisions consider financial resources, housing, food, and other essential needs, and are intended as temporary support with avenues to work or improve circumstances. Appeals processes exist.

Historically, Sweden has been an active donor in international aid and a comprehensive welfare state domestically. International aid has targeted a substantial share of national income, while domestic bistånd is integrated with other welfare programmes and fiscal policy. Debates around both forms of bistånd commonly address adequacy, efficiency, and equity.