Bisphosphates

Bisphosphates are a class of drugs used to treat bone diseases. They work by slowing down the breakdown of bone. This is achieved by binding to hydroxyapatite in bone and inhibiting osteoclast activity, the cells responsible for bone resorption. This inhibition leads to a decrease in bone loss and an increase in bone density.

Bisphosphates are commonly prescribed for osteoporosis, a condition characterized by weak and brittle bones. They are also used to treat Paget's disease of bone and bone metastases, which are cancers that have spread to the bones. Different types of bisphosphates exist, varying in their potency and route of administration, which can be oral or intravenous.

While generally well-tolerated, bisphosphates can have side effects. These can include gastrointestinal issues such as nausea and heartburn, especially with oral formulations. More serious, though rare, side effects can include osteonecrosis of the jaw and atypical femur fractures. Therefore, it is important for patients to discuss their medical history and any concerns with their healthcare provider before starting bisphosphonate therapy. Regular dental check-ups are also recommended.