Biometricbased
Biometric-based refers to systems and processes that verify or identify individuals using biological or behavioral traits. Common modalities include fingerprint, iris or retina patterns, facial features, voice, gait, or keystroke dynamics. Biometric-based authentication provides an alternative to knowledge-based (passwords) and token-based (cards) schemes and can support both one-to-one verification and one-to-many identification. The term emphasizes the use of biometric data in security and identity workflows rather than conventional credentials.
Operational workflow: enrollment, feature extraction, template creation and storage, matching, and decision. During enrollment, measurements are
Advantages include convenience, speed, and non-transferability of raw secrets; limitations include potential false accepts/rejects, sensor quality
Regulatory and standards: adherence to privacy laws (for example GDPR), data minimization, user consent, and purpose