Bekkenplager

Bekkenplager, also known as "pelvic floor dysfunction," refers to a group of conditions affecting the muscles, ligaments, and connective tissues that support the pelvic organs. These organs include the bladder, uterus (in females), prostate (in males), and rectum. The pelvic floor muscles play a crucial role in controlling bowel and bladder function, sexual health, and core stability.

Symptoms of bekkenplager can vary widely and may include urinary incontinence (involuntary leakage of urine), fecal incontinence (involuntary leakage of stool), pelvic pain, constipation, a feeling of pressure or heaviness in the pelvic area, and sexual dysfunction. Some individuals may also experience prolapse, where one or more pelvic organs descend into the vaginal canal or rectum due to weakened support structures.

Common causes of bekkenplager include pregnancy and childbirth (particularly vaginal delivery), chronic constipation or straining during bowel movements, heavy lifting or repetitive strenuous activities, obesity, chronic coughing or sneezing, aging, and previous pelvic surgery. Hormonal changes, such as those occurring during menopause, can also contribute to weakened pelvic floor muscles.

Diagnosis typically involves a medical history review, physical examination, and specialized tests such as pelvic floor muscle testing, ultrasound, or imaging studies like MRI or CT scans. In some cases, a cystoscopy or defecography may be used to assess bladder or bowel function.

Treatment options depend on the underlying cause and severity of symptoms. Pelvic floor physical therapy is often recommended to strengthen weakened muscles and improve coordination. Lifestyle modifications, such as weight management, dietary changes to alleviate constipation, and avoiding heavy lifting, may also help. In more severe cases, medications, biofeedback therapy, or surgical interventions may be necessary to correct prolapse or repair damaged tissues. Early intervention can significantly improve outcomes and quality of life for those affected by bekkenplager.