Batteripaket

A batteripaket, or battery pack, is a complete assembly designed to store and deliver electrical energy. It typically comprises multiple cells arranged in series and/or parallel to achieve the required voltage and capacity, a battery management system (BMS) to monitor and control performance, a mechanical enclosure, electrical interconnects, and often a cooling system. The pack is intended to function as a single unit with defined electrical characteristics.

Cells used in batteripaket configurations vary by application and chemistry. Common chemistries include lithium-ion variants such as nickel manganese cobalt (NMC), lithium iron phosphate (LFP), and nickel cobalt aluminum (NCA), as well as nickel-metal hydride or lead-acid in older or specialized contexts. The BMS monitors cell voltages, temperatures, state of charge, and health, performing balancing to optimize performance and longevity. Safety features such as fuses and protection circuits are integrated, and the design focuses on preventing short circuits, punctures, and thermal runaway. Thermal management may rely on passive cooling, active air cooling, or liquid cooling.

Batteripak applications range from electric vehicles and portable electronics to stationary energy storage systems and industrial equipment. Design considerations include energy density, power capability, cycle life, safety, cost, and resilience to temperature changes. Packs are built to meet regional safety and performance standards and undergo testing for abuse, vibration, and environmental conditions. Packaging also emphasizes ease of assembly, serviceability, and integration with other systems.

End-of-life, recycling, and second-life use are important aspects of batteripak sustainability. Recycling programs recover materials from packs, while second-life applications repurpose modules in less demanding contexts. Manufacturing involves sourcing cells and modules, integrating them into the pack, and enforcing quality control. Standards and certifications vary by region and application, guiding safety, performance, and interoperability.