Batterikretser

Batterikretser are electrical circuits in which energy is supplied by one or more batteries. The term is commonly used in Norwegian to refer to circuits powered by batteries, as opposed to those powered by mains electricity or other energy storage. A basic batterikrets consists of a power source (battery or battery pack), conductors, a load, and often control elements such as switches or regulators. The arrangement of cells defines the circuit’s voltage and capacity: in series, voltages add; in parallel, capacities add while voltage remains the same; combination configurations enable higher voltage and larger capacity.

Batteries differ by chemistry, including alkaline, lead-acid, nickel-based, and lithium-based chemistries. Rechargeable types (secondary batteries) vs primary cells. Battery performance depends on capacity (ampere-hours or ampere-hours at a given discharge), energy content (watt-hours), internal resistance, temperature behavior, and cycle life.

Design considerations include the required energy and power, expected temperature, safety, charging strategy, and protection against short circuits. Common protective elements include fuses, circuit breakers, temperature sensors, and proper insulation. Regulators or DC-DC converters may be used to provide stable output to the load. In many batterikretser, monitoring of state of charge (SoC) and health (SoH) is important for reliability.

Applications range from portable electronics and electric vehicles to off-grid power systems and backup supplies. Safety standards and regulations cover battery handling, venting, and recycling. This article uses batterikretser in a general sense as circuits powered by batteries; specific designs vary widely by use case.