Barycentrikus

Barycentrikus refers to a coordinate system based on the barycenter, the center of mass of a system of bodies. In celestial mechanics the barycenter is the common center of mass around which all bodies in a gravitational system orbit. Barycentric coordinates are commonly used in astronomy, space navigation, and astrodynamics to describe positions of planets, satellites, and spacecraft in relation to this common point.

The concept of the barycenter dates back to the 17th century when Isaac Newton applied principles of center of mass to planetary orbits. Later, the formalization of barycentric coordinates occurred concurrently with the development of orbital mechanics in the 19th and 20th centuries. Barycentric coordinates are defined as the weighted average of the positions of the constituent bodies, where the weights are proportional to their masses. The coordinates satisfy the condition that the sum of the barycentric coordinates of any point is unity.

In practical applications, barycentric frames are employed in the International Celestial Reference System (ICRS) for defining positions of solar system bodies. Spacecraft trajectory planning often uses a barycentric Solar System Frame (Barycentric Celestial Reference System) to express orbits relative to the solar system barycenter. Additionally, the barycentric two-body problem provides simplified models for analyzing two-body interactions in a vacuum.

Overall, barycentric coordinate systems allow for a coherent description of motion in multi-body gravitational fields, providing a natural reference that simplifies calculations of orbits, dynamical evolution, and celestial navigation.