Bangladeshs

Bangladesh is a country in South Asia, located on the delta of the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna river system. It is bounded by India to the west, north, and east, Myanmar to the southeast, and the Bay of Bengal to the south. The capital and largest city is Dhaka. The official language is Bengali (Bangla), and English is widely used in business and higher education.

The country operates as a constitutional parliamentary democracy. The President serves a largely ceremonial role, while the Prime Minister is the head of government. The unicameral Jatiya Sangsad (National Assembly) is the main legislative body. Bangladesh has a long-standing tradition of electoral competitions and peaceful transfers of power, with several major political parties alternating in government since the 1990s.

Historically part of the Bengal region, Bangladesh became East Pakistan after the 1947 partition and gained independence in 1971 following a war of independence. The 1972 constitution established Bangladesh as a republic. The country has faced periods of political upheaval and natural disaster but has pursued economic development and social progress, including improvements in health, education, and poverty reduction.

Bangladesh has a high population density, with about 170 million people as of the early 2020s. The population is predominantly Muslim, with Hindu and other minority communities. The economy is a developing market with strong growth in textiles and garments, remittances, and agriculture. Major exports include ready-made garments, jute products, and seafood. The country is exposed to climate risks such as cyclones and flooding, which influence development planning and resilience.

Culturally, Bangladesh has a rich literary and musical heritage, notable for figures such as Rabindranath Tagore. Festivals include Pohela Boishakh (Bengali New Year), Eid, and Durga Puja, reflecting the country’s diverse traditions. The Sundarbans mangrove forest and other ecological sites are important national symbols.