Bandhej

Bandhej, commonly called Bandhani in many parts of India, is a traditional tie-dye textile technique. It is particularly associated with the western states of Rajasthan and Gujarat, where artisans have practiced the craft for centuries.

The method involves folding, tying, and binding sections of fabric with fine threads before dyeing. The tied areas resist the dye, leaving white or lighter patterns when the threads are removed. This results in dotted and geometric patterns, varying in size and arrangement.

Patterns include tiny dots (buta) and geometric motifs, with Leheriya or wave designs produced by tying along a diagonal. Bandhej designs can be executed in one, two, or more colors through successive dye steps.

Traditionally cotton and silk fabrics are used, with Bandhej applied to sarees, dupattas, turbans, and other garments. Dyes have included natural sources such as madder and indigo, though modern Bandhej also employs synthetic dyes for brighter, faster colors.

As a living craft, Bandhej remains an important regional art form, supported by cooperatives and artisans who supply rural and urban markets. It is celebrated in fairs and weddings, reflecting cultural heritage as well as contemporary fashion.