Badaniem

Badaniem is the instrumental singular form of the Polish noun badanie, which means examination, inspection, testing, or research. The noun is derived from the verb badać (to examine) with the suffix -anie, a common way to form action nouns in Polish. Badanie appears across many domains, from medicine to science and social research.

In usage, badanie covers several related senses. In medical contexts, it refers to an examination or diagnostic test, such as a medical check-up or imaging study. In scientific and academic contexts, badanie denotes a study or investigation, including laboratory work and empirical research. In social sciences and market research, badanie often means a survey or poll to collect information. The term can also describe the act of examining or checking something in a more general sense.

Grammatical note: badaniem is the instrumental singular form used after prepositions or with verbs that govern the instrumental. It commonly appears in phrases like przy badaniu (during the examination) or metodą badania (by the method of examination). The word is declined as badanie in the singular (Nom badanie, Gen badania, Dat badaniu, Acc badanie, Inst badaniem, Loc badaniu, Voc badanie) and has corresponding plural forms (e.g., Nom badania, Gen badania, Dat badaniom, etc.).

Related terms include badać (to examine), zbadać (to examine thoroughly), and phrases such as badanie kliniczne (clinical trial), badania naukowe (scientific research), and badanie opinii publicznej (public opinion research).